Why does Albumin-bound paclitaxel not need to be pretreated?

At present,there are three kinds of paclitaxel preparations on the market in China,including paclitaxel injection,Liposomal paclitaxel and Albumin-bound paclitaxel.Both paclitaxel injection and Liposomal paclitaxel for injection need to be treated with allergy pretreatment drugs,but why does Albumin-bound paclitaxel not need to be treated?Let’s take a look at the following.

Why does Albumin-bound paclitaxel not need to be pretreated?Now let’s understand the allergy mechanism of three paclitaxel preparations.

1.Paclitaxel injection

To increase the water solubility of paclitaxel,the solvent for paclitaxel injection is composed of polyoxyethylene castor oil and ethanol.Polyoxyethylene castor oil,as an allergen,has some non-ionic block copolymers in its molecular structure,which can stimulate the body to release histamine and cause allergic reaction.Before clinical use,glucocorticoids and antihistamines must be used for pretreatment.

2.Liposomal paclitaxel

Liposomal paclitaxel are mainly phospholipid bimolecular liposomes with a diameter of 400 nm formed by lecithin and cholesterol in a certain proportion.They contain no polyoxyethylene castor oil and absolute ethanol that can cause allergy.

However,other studies have shown that paclitaxel itself can also cause hypersensitivity,which is related to the activation of immune mechanisms mediated by basophils,IgE and IgG.But compared with paclitaxel injection,its allergic reaction rate is low.At present,Liposomal paclitaxel still require allergic pretreatment before use.

3.Albumin-bound paclitaxel

Albumin-bound paclitaxel,with human albumin as the carrier,has the advantages of easier decomposition in vivo,more drug accumulation in tumors,strong targeting and higher chemotherapy efficacy.

In the Phase I,II or III studies on albumin-bound paclitaxel,although no pretreatment was carried out,no severe hypersensitivity reaction was found.The reason may be that there is no polyoxyethylene castor oil and the content of free taxol in blood is low.Therefore,pretreatment before administration of albumin bound paclitaxel is not recommended at present.

Note:The potential efficacy and applications introduced in this article are all from published literature.

Yunnan Hande Biotechnology Co.,Ltd has been specializing in the production of paclitaxel API for more than 20 years,and is one of the world’s independent manufacturers of paclitaxel API,a plant-derived anti-cancer drug,approved by the US FDA,European EDQM,Australian TGA,Chinese CFDA,India,Japan and other national regulatory agencies.Hande can provide not only high-quality paclitaxel raw materials,but also technical upgrade services related to paclitaxel formulation.For more information,please feel free to contact us at 18187887160.